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The Church Fathers · 529
Against Proclus on the Eternity of the World
John Philoponus · c. 490–c. 570
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What it is
A Christian grammarian dismantles the Aristotelian arguments for an eternal universe, and in doing so attacks Aristotle's physics of motion and the fifth element.
Why it lasted
The most important critique of Aristotle before the seventeenth century; its theory of impressed force reached Galileo through Arabic and Latin translations.
Where to read it
Public domain and free to read in full, though not held here. The archives below have it.
These open a search on each archive rather than a direct link, which is the honest way to point at an edition nobody here has checked line by line.
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