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The Library

Forty Centuries of Christian Writing

1774 works catalogued century by century, from the literature the Bible was written among to the present — each with a note on what it is, why it lasted, and where to read it.

901–1000

The Tenth Century

5 works

910

Latin

The Foundation Charter of Cluny

William the Pious of Aquitaine · d. 918

A duke gives land for a monastery and then renounces all authority over it, placing it directly under Rome and forbidding any lord, bishop, or king to interfere.

Western · Charter

c. 930

Latin

The Life of Gerald of Aurillac

Odo of Cluny · c. 878–942

The life of a layman and landholder presented as a saint — a lord who fought with the flat of his sword, refused to despoil the poor, and never married.

Western · Biography

c. 930–940

Latin

The Conferences

Collationes

Odo of Cluny · c. 878–942

Three books of moral criticism aimed at clergy and nobility alike, unsparing about simony, violence, and the appetites of the powerful.

Western · Ethics

c. 998

Latin

The Decree on the Commemoration of the Dead

Odilo of Cluny · c. 962–1049

An order that on the day after All Saints every Cluniac house shall offer prayers and alms for all the faithful departed without exception.

Western · Decree

c. 1000

Latin

The Life of Empress Adelaide

Epitaphium Adelheidae

Odilo of Cluny · c. 962 – 1049

The abbot of Cluny on an empress he had known: imprisoned by one king, married to another, twice regent, a founder of monasteries, and in old age travelling between courts trying to keep her son and grandson from war.

Western Monastic · BiographyProverbsEstherLuke1 Timothy

1101–1200

The Twelfth Century

2 works

1143

Latin

The Latin Qur'an

Lex Mahumet Pseudoprophete

Robert of Ketton · 12th century

The first translation of the Qur'an into any European language, made in Spain for the abbot of Cluny as part of a whole dossier on Islam.

Western · Translation

c. 1155–1156

Latin

Against the Sect of the Saracens

Peter the Venerable · c. 1092–1156

A refutation of Islam addressed, unusually, to Muslims themselves, arguing that they should be approached with reasons rather than arms.

Western Monastic · Polemic