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The Library

Forty Centuries of Christian Writing

1774 works catalogued century by century, from the literature the Bible was written among to the present — each with a note on what it is, why it lasted, and where to read it.

100–1 BC

The First Century BC

1 work

c. 100 BC

Hebrew

The Thanksgiving Hymns

Hodayot, 1QH

Anonymous

Some thirty psalms in the first person, each opening with thanks. The speaker is a creature of clay kneaded with water, a foundation of shame and a source of pollution, who has nonetheless been given knowledge of mysteries — and who describes himself in one hymn as a woman in labour bringing forth a wonderful counsellor.

Qumran · HymnsPsalmsIsaiahJobRomansRead elsewhere

301–400

The Fourth Century

1 work

396

Latin

To Simplician, on Various Questions

Ad Simplicianum

Augustine of Hippo · 354 – 430

Ambrose's old mentor sent two questions about Romans. Working on Jacob and Esau, loved and hated before either was born, Augustine gives up the position he had held for ten years — that God foresees who will believe and elects accordingly — and concludes instead that the will to believe is itself God's gift.

Western · LetterRomansGenesisMalachi1 CorinthiansRead elsewhere

401–500

The Fifth Century

1 work

428–429

Latin

On the Predestination of the Saints

Augustine of Hippo · 354–430

A late work written for monks in Gaul, arguing that even the beginning of faith is God's gift and not a human contribution that God then rewards.

Western · TheologyRomansEphesiansRead elsewhere

1001–1100

The Eleventh Century

1 work

1059

Latin

The Papal Election Decree

Pope Nicholas II · d. 1061

A ruling that the cardinal bishops shall choose the pope, with the rest of the clergy and people assenting afterwards and the emperor's role reduced to a courtesy.

Western · DecreeRead elsewhere

1601–1700

The Seventeenth Century

1 work

1647

English

The Death of Death in the Death of Christ

John Owen · 1616–1683

A sustained argument for particular redemption: that Christ died to secure the salvation of a definite people rather than to make salvation merely possible.

Reformed · TheologyJohnHebrewsRead elsewhere