2nd century core, redacted c. 3rd–5th century
Aramaic
Targum Onqelos
Attributed to Onqelos
The authorised Aramaic rendering of the Torah, read in synagogue verse by verse after the Hebrew. It translates closely but never quite literally where God is concerned: no hands, no face, no walking, and the Word of the Lord standing in wherever the text would have God present too plainly.