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The Medieval Church · 9th century; date disputed
The Apology of al-Kindi
Anonymous
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What it is
A pair of letters, one inviting a Christian to Islam and the other declining at length, criticising the Qur'an's composition and Muhammad's career directly.
Why it lasted
The most widely circulated and most confrontational Christian text on Islam of the Middle Ages, translated into Latin in 1141 for Peter the Venerable.
Where to read it
Public domain and free to read in full, though not held here. The archives below have it.
These open a search on each archive rather than a direct link, which is the honest way to point at an edition nobody here has checked line by line.
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