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The Library

Forty Centuries of Christian Writing

1577 works catalogued century by century, from the literature the Bible was written among to the present — each with a note on what it is, why it lasted, and where to read it.

200–101 BC

The Second Century BC

2 works

c. 160–150 BC

Hebrew, surviving complete in Ge'ez

The Book of Jubilees

Anonymous

Genesis and half of Exodus dictated to Moses by an angel and dated throughout by jubilees of forty-nine years, on a solar calendar of exactly 364 days. The patriarchs keep feasts that have not been given yet, Abraham refuses to celebrate his father's idols, and the watchers' fall is retold with the demons petitioning to keep a tenth of their number.

Second Temple Jewish · Retold narrativeGenesisExodusLeviticusJude

c. 150–100 BC

Hebrew

The Temple Scroll

11QT

Anonymous

The longest of the Dead Sea Scrolls, rewriting the law with God speaking in the first person throughout — no Moses as intermediary. It specifies a temple with three concentric courts that was never built, a calendar of new festivals, and a law for the king limiting his army and forbidding him more than one wife.

501–600

The Sixth Century

1 work

525

Latin

The Easter Tables

Dionysius Exiguus · c. 470–c. 544

A continuation of the Alexandrian Easter cycle in which the compiler declined to number years from the persecuting emperor Diocletian and counted instead from the incarnation.

Western · Chronology

701–800

The Eighth Century

2 works

c. 703–728

Latin

The Calendar of Willibrord

Willibrord and his circle · c. 658–739

A working liturgical calendar from a missionary bishop's own book, with a marginal note in his hand recording the year of his consecration.

Anglo-Saxon · Calendar

725

Latin

On the Reckoning of Time

De Temporum Ratione

The Venerable Bede · c. 673–735

A complete treatment of time — the day, the moon, the tides, the Easter cycle — closing with a world chronicle and an account of the six ages.

Anglo-Saxon · Chronology

801–900

The Ninth Century

1 work

c. 850–900

Old English

The Old English Martyrology

Anonymous

Short prose entries for saints through the year, each giving the day, the manner of death, and often a concrete detail found in no other source.

Anglo-Saxon · Martyrology

901–1000

The Tenth Century

1 work

c. 975–990

Greek

The Menologion

Symeon Metaphrastes · 10th century

The lives of the saints for every day of the year, rewritten in a uniform and polished Greek from older texts of uneven quality.

Byzantine · Hagiography