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The Library

Forty Centuries of Christian Writing

1577 works catalogued century by century, from the literature the Bible was written among to the present — each with a note on what it is, why it lasted, and where to read it.

1201–1300

The Thirteenth Century

2 works

c. 1230–1250

Middle Dutch

The Seven Manners of Loving

Beatrice of Nazareth · c. 1200–1268

Seven ways in which love seizes the soul, from a desire to serve purely, through a love that wounds and maddens, to a longing that cannot rest short of eternity.

Cistercian · Mystical

c. 1240–1260

Middle Dutch

The Visions

Hadewijch of Brabant · 13th century

Fourteen visions of overwhelming intensity, in which Love appears as a demanding lady and the seer is drawn into the abyss of the Trinity and sent back unsatisfied.

Beguine · Visions

1301–1400

The Fourteenth Century

2 works

c. 1335–1340

Middle Dutch

The Spiritual Espousals

Die geestelike brulocht

Jan van Ruusbroec · 1293–1381

Three lives — active, interior, and contemplative — built on the cry that the bridegroom comes and we must go out to meet him, ending in a union that does not abolish the distinction between God and the soul.

Western Monastic · MysticalMatthew

c. 1340–1350

Middle Dutch

The Sparkling Stone

Jan van Ruusbroec · 1293–1381

On the difference between the faithful servant, the secret friend, and the hidden son of God, and on the common life in which contemplation and action are one act.

Western Monastic · Mystical

1501–1600

The Sixteenth Century

1 work

1539–1540

Dutch

Foundation of Christian Doctrine

Menno Simons · c. 1496–1561

A former priest sets out a peaceable Anabaptism after the catastrophe at Münster — believers' baptism, discipleship, non-resistance, and separation from violence.

Anabaptist · Theology

1601–1700

The Seventeenth Century

5 works

1608

Dutch

The Declaration of Sentiments

Jacobus Arminius · 1560–1609

A defence before the States of Holland of his views on predestination, arguing that election is conditional on foreseen faith and that God's grace may be resisted.

Reformed · ApologiaRomans

1610

Dutch

The Remonstrance

The followers of Arminius

Five articles submitted to the Dutch government: conditional election, universal atonement, total depravity, resistible grace, and uncertainty about final perseverance.

Reformed · Articles

1618–1619

Latin

The Canons of Dort

The Synod of Dort

An international Reformed synod answers the Remonstrance under five heads — unconditional election, definite atonement, total depravity, irresistible grace, and perseverance.

Reformed · Canons

1625

Latin

On the Law of War and Peace

De Iure Belli ac Pacis

Hugo Grotius · 1583–1645

A law of nations grounded in a natural law that would hold, he says, even if we granted that there is no God — with rules on just cause, prisoners, and non-combatants.

Reformed · Law

1627

Latin

On the Truth of the Christian Religion

Hugo Grotius · 1583–1645

An apologetic written originally in Dutch verse for sailors, arguing the historical credibility of the gospels for readers who would meet Muslims and Jews on their voyages.

Reformed · Apology