c. 430 BC
Greek
The Histories
Herodotus of Halicarnassus · c. 484 – c. 425 BC
Nine books on how the Greeks and the Persians came to war, digressing constantly and to great profit: the whole of Egypt in book two, then Cyrus taking Babylon by diverting the river, Cambyses in Egypt, Darius organising the satrapies, and Xerxes at Thermopylae and Salamis.