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The Library

Forty Centuries of Christian Writing

1693 works catalogued century by century, from the literature the Bible was written among to the present — each with a note on what it is, why it lasted, and where to read it.

1601–1700

The Seventeenth Century

149 works

1681

Latin

On Diplomatics

De Re Diplomatica

Jean Mabillon · 1632–1707

A method for telling genuine medieval charters from forgeries by their script, formulas, seals, and materials, written after a Jesuit questioned his abbey's documents.

Western Monastic · Method

1682

English

The Sovereignty and Goodness of God

Mary Rowlandson · c. 1637–1711

A minister's wife taken captive by Narragansett and Nipmuc raiders describes eleven weeks of forced marches, hunger, and her attempts to read providence in it.

Reformed · Autobiography

1682

English

The Holy War

John Bunyan · 1628–1688

The town of Mansoul is taken by Diabolus, recaptured by Emmanuel, and then infiltrated again — an allegory of conversion and of the relapse that follows it.

Baptist · Allegory

1684

English

The Pilgrim's Progress, the Second Part

John Bunyan · 1628–1688

Christiana and her children follow her husband's road with a guide, a company of the weak, and Mr Great-heart to fight for them.

Baptist · Allegory

1679–1685

Latin

Institutes of Elenctic Theology

Francis Turretin · 1623–1687

Theology arranged as a series of disputed questions, each stating the state of the controversy precisely before answering it.

Reformed · Systematic theology

1685

French

A Short and Very Easy Method of Prayer

Jeanne Guyon · 1648–1717

An argument that everyone, including the simplest, can pray by simply attending to God's presence and abandoning themselves to his will.

Western · Devotional

18 February 1688

English

The Germantown Petition Against Slavery

Francis Daniel Pastorius and the Germantown Quakers

Four Quakers ask what right anyone has to buy and keep men as slaves, and whether the golden rule is not as binding for black people as for white.

Quaker · Petition

c. 1682–1709

French

The Autobiography

Jeanne Guyon · 1648–1717

An account of an unhappy marriage, widowhood, spiritual states of great intensity, and years of confinement in convents and the Bastille without trial.

Western · Autobiography

1688

French

History of the Variations of the Protestant Churches

Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet · 1627–1704

An argument that Protestantism must be false because it keeps changing, traced through the disagreements of Luther, Zwingli, Calvin, and their successors.

Western · History

drafted 1677; published 1689

English

The Second London Baptist Confession

The Particular Baptist churches of England

The Westminster Confession revised by Baptists, following it closely except on baptism, church government, and the relation of the magistrate to religion.

Baptist · Confession

1689

Latin

A Letter Concerning Toleration

John Locke · 1632–1704

The care of souls cannot belong to the magistrate, because belief cannot be compelled and a forced profession saves nobody — with atheists and Catholics excepted.

Western · Letter

1690

Spanish

The Athenagoric Letter

Juana Inés de la Cruz · 1648–1695

A critique of a celebrated sermon by a Portuguese Jesuit on Christ's greatest act of love, arguing that it was his restraint in withholding benefits.

Western · Theology

transmitted orally from the 17th century; written down later

Japanese

The Beginning of Heaven and Earth

Tenchi Hajimari no Koto

The hidden Christians of Japan

The Christian story as it survived two centuries of secrecy without priests or books — creation, the nativity, and the passion, mingled with Buddhist and folk elements.

Japanese · Catechism

1691

Spanish

Reply to Sister Filotea

Respuesta a Sor Filotea de la Cruz

Juana Inés de la Cruz · 1648–1695

A Mexican nun answers a bishop who told her to give up study, defending a woman's right to learn from scripture, from the fathers, and from her own experience.

Western · Letter

1691

French

Treatise on Monastic Studies

Jean Mabillon · 1632–1707

A defence of scholarship as a legitimate monastic work against a Trappist abbot who insisted monks should do manual labour and pray, not read.

Western Monastic · Education

published 1692

French

The Practice of the Presence of God

Brother Lawrence of the Resurrection · c. 1614–1691

Conversations and letters collected after the death of a lay brother who worked in a monastery kitchen and claimed to possess God as peacefully among his pots and pans as on his knees.

Catholic (Carmelite) · Conversations and letters1 Thessalonians

1693

English

Some Fruits of Solitude

William Penn · 1644–1718

Maxims on marriage, money, government, and death, written in a period of political disgrace by the founder of Pennsylvania.

Quaker · Aphorisms

1693

English

The Wonders of the Invisible World

Cotton Mather · 1663–1728

A defence of the Salem trials written at the court's request, warning against spectral evidence while justifying the convictions it had produced.

Reformed · Treatise

dictated c. 1673–1676; published 1694

English

The Journal

George Fox · 1624–1691

The founder of the Quakers records his search, the opening that Christ can speak to a person's condition directly, and years of imprisonment for refusing oaths and hat-honour.

Quaker · Autobiography

1694; second part 1697

English

A Serious Proposal to the Ladies

Mary Astell · 1666–1731

A plan for a religious college where women could study, pray, and teach, free from the marriage market — argued from the equal rationality of women's souls.

Anglican · Proposal

1695

English

The Reasonableness of Christianity

John Locke · 1632–1704

An argument that the gospel requires belief in one article only — that Jesus is the Messiah — with repentance, and that everything else is inference.

Western · Theology

1697

French

Historical and Critical Dictionary

Pierre Bayle · 1647–1706

A biographical dictionary whose footnotes swallow the entries, raising sceptical difficulties about miracles, providence, and the problem of evil at every turn.

Reformed · Encyclopaedia

1697

French

Explanation of the Maxims of the Saints

François Fénelon · 1651–1715

A defence of pure love — loving God without regard to one's own salvation — distinguishing legitimate mysticism from the errors condemned in Molinos.

Western · Theology

preached c. 1636–1683; published 1698

English

The Aphorisms and Sermons

Benjamin Whichcote · 1609–1683

Sayings and sermons on the reasonableness of religion, the folly of narrow zeal, and the conviction that to go against reason is to go against God.

Anglican · Aphorisms

1699

French

The Adventures of Telemachus

François Fénelon · 1651–1715

A didactic romance written for the king's grandson, in which a young prince learns that war is a calamity, luxury a poison, and a king exists for his people.

Western · Novel

c. 1689–1715

French

The Letters of Spiritual Direction

François Fénelon · 1651–1715

Letters to courtiers, soldiers, and women of the court on detachment, self-love, and bearing with one's own faults without discouragement.

Western · Letters

1700

English

More Wonders of the Invisible World

Robert Calef · 1648–1719

A Boston merchant's attack on the Salem proceedings and on the ministers who supported them, printed in London because no Boston press would touch it.

Reformed · Polemic