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The Library

Forty Centuries of Christian Writing

1774 works catalogued century by century, from the literature the Bible was written among to the present — each with a note on what it is, why it lasted, and where to read it.

101–200

The Second Century

1 work

c. 170; survives in fragments

Greek

The Catholic Letters

Dionysius of Corinth

Seven letters to churches across the Mediterranean, quoted by Eusebius. One thanks Rome for the money it has sent to poorer congregations since Clement's day; another complains that his own letters are already being tampered with by people who add and subtract at will.

Early Church · Letters1 CorinthiansRevelation2 Peter

201–300

The Third Century

1 work

c. 240–270; survives in fragments

Syriac

The Book of Giants

Mani · 216–274 or 277

A retelling of the fallen watchers and their monstrous offspring, taken over from an older Aramaic book found among the Dead Sea Scrolls and rewritten as Manichaean scripture. Fragments survive in Middle Persian, Sogdian, Uyghur, Parthian, and Coptic.

Manichaean · NarrativeGenesisJude2 Peter

401–500

The Fifth Century

1 work

c. 435–441

Greek

Against Julian

Contra Iulianum

Cyril of Alexandria · c. 376 – 444

A reply to the emperor Julian's Against the Galileans, written eighty years after the fact because the book was still circulating and still doing damage. Cyril quotes Julian at length, section by section, before answering.

Alexandrian · PolemicGenesisJohnDeuteronomyIsaiah

501–600

The Sixth Century

3 works

c. 515–520

Latin

Excerpts from the Works of Augustine

Excerpta ex Operibus Sancti Augustini

Eugippius · c. 460 – c. 533

Three hundred and forty-eight passages cut from Augustine and arranged for monks who would never see the originals, made at a monastery near Naples by the abbot who also wrote the Life of Severinus.

Western Monastic · AnthologyRomansJohnGenesisPsalms

c. 505–523

Latin

The Translations and Commentaries on Aristotle

Boethius · c. 477 – c. 524

Boethius set out to translate all of Aristotle and all of Plato and prove them compatible, and was executed long before finishing. What he completed was the logic: the Categories, On Interpretation, and Porphyry's Isagoge, each with commentary.

Western · Translation and commentaryGenesisJohn

c. 526

Latin

The Foundations of Grammar

Institutiones Grammaticae

Priscian

Eighteen books on Latin, written at Constantinople for Greek-speaking officials, quoting several hundred Latin authors — many of whom survive only in these citations.

Late Antique · GrammarGenesis

801–900

The Ninth Century

2 works

c. 865–870

Latin

Homily on the Prologue of John

Vox Spiritualis Aquilae

John Scotus Eriugena · c. 815 – c. 877

The voice of the spiritual eagle sounds in the ears of the church. Eriugena reads the prologue as the whole of theology in fourteen verses, with creation as God's self-utterance and the incarnation as the same Word said again in flesh.

c. 858–878

Latin

The Translations and Letters

Anastasius Bibliothecarius · c. 810 – c. 878

The papal librarian, who knew Greek in a Rome where almost nobody did, translating the acts of councils, the Greek lives of the saints, Maximus, and the Dionysian scholia — and writing prefaces explaining to Latin readers what they were about to encounter.

Western · TranslationActs1 CorinthiansMatthew

901–1000

The Tenth Century

1 work

c. 910–913

Greek

Commentary on the Apocalypse

Arethas of Caesarea · c. 860 – c. 939

A reworking of Andrew of Caesarea with more history in it — the seven churches given their actual circumstances, the plagues read against the Arab and Bulgar wars the writer had lived through.

Byzantine · CommentaryRevelationDanielEzekielMatthew

1601–1700

The Seventeenth Century

1 work

transmitted orally from the 17th century; written down later

Japanese

The Beginning of Heaven and Earth

Tenchi Hajimari no Koto

The hidden Christians of Japan

The Christian story as it survived two centuries of secrecy without priests or books — creation, the nativity, and the passion, mingled with Buddhist and folk elements.

Japanese · Catechism